the use of pesticides, including insecticides and fungicides, helps to protect crops from damaging pests and diseases, safeguarding food security and economic stability. Organic pesticides derived from natural sources offer a sustainable alternative to synthetic chemicals, providing effective pest control while minimizing environmental impact. Insecticides such as cypermethrin and pyrethrin target specific pests while minimizing harm to beneficial insects and pollinators, supporting biodiversity and ecosystem resilience.